Monday, October 31, 2011

Russia: Court victory for girls switched at birth (AP)

MOSCOW ? It was more money than either family has ever seen ? but it's still not clear if it can make the pain go away.

A Russian court on Monday awarded two Russian families $100,000 each in compensation from a maternity home that accidentally switched their daughters, now 12, at birth. The story has captivated Russia ever since the families learned about the mistake several months ago.

Confirmation of the switch ? long suspected by one of the fathers ? has been bittersweet.

"The money just can't ease the pain," said Yuliya Belyaeva, the biological mother of one daughter, Anna, who raised another couple's child, Irina. "All the money in the world isn't worth a child's look at their mother."

Belyaeva gave birth at the same ward about the same time as Naimat Iskanderov's wife in Kopeisk, an industrial town of 140,000 in Russia's Ural Mountains.

Years later during their divorce proceedings, Belyaeva's husband refused to support Irina ? who has dark hair, dark eyes and olive skin ? because she didn't look like him or his blonde wife. A DNA test then revealed that neither of them were Irina's biological parents.

Belyaeva then demanded an official investigation, which tracked down Irina's biological father, Iskanderov ? who had been raising her own child Anna in a neighboring town.

Fair-skinned Anna strongly resembles her biological mother, while Irina looks like her father Iskanderov, an ethnic Tajik born in the Central Asian and mostly Muslim nation of Tajikistan.

It is not known whether the switch played any role in the two couple's divorces. Iskanderov parted with his wife when Anna was five but later married again, according to the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. Belyaeva also married again and gave birth to two more children.

Belyaeva said the shocking news still makes her shiver.

"It is very unpleasant to relive those memories," she told The Associated Press in a brief telephone interview. "We still can't fully comprehend what happened."

But on Monday, Russia's NTV television showed Belyaeva laughing with joy after the judge delivered the verdict in a Kopeisk courtroom. Iskanderov, however, remained stone-faced.

The video showed Belyaeva caressing the fair Anna, while Irina, whom she raised, sat stern-faced with her eyes downcast.

"She feels jealous," Belyaeva explained in televised remarks.

Despite winning the verdict, Belyaeva said the swap will leave lasting emotional scars.

"There are moments when I think it would have been better if I hadn't known anything about that," she said.

Belyaeva's former husband and Iskanderov's former wife were not in the courtroom Monday and made no statements after the court ruling. That may change later, for the compensation award is huge by Russian standards and could easily spark jealousy in a region where many jobs have evaporated.

The two 12-year-olds don't want to leave the parents who raised them, according to Russia television reports, so the families are thinking of using the compensation money to live near each other or even share a home.

"I would like us to share a house so that we don't worry about her daughter coming to me and the other way round," Iskanderov told Russia media.

Belyaeva said she would prefer separate houses nearby, so that "we see our children growing up and take part in their education."

Belyaeva also identified the nurse who she claimed mixed up the babies, but the nurse denied any responsibility.

"I know it was not me who did it," nurse Nelly Prokopyeva told Russian television.

This is not the first time a Russian court decision has resolved a hospital mix-up.

In 2009, a court in the central Russian town of Mtsensk ordered two mothers to swap their two-year-old sons following a DNA test that proved the children were mixed up at a maternity hospital. The case was complicated by the ethnic and religious background of the women ? one of them was ethnic Russian and Orthodox Christian, while the other one was ethnic Chechen and Muslim.

___

Vladimir Isachenkov in Moscow contributed to this report

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/russia/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111031/ap_on_re_eu/eu_russia_switched_at_birth

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Autistic boy found alive 6 days after vanishing

An 8-year-old autistic boy was found alive Friday, nearly six days after he wandered away from his family while walking in a wooded park.

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Robert Wood Jr. was found in a fetal position in a creek bed at a quarry about 20 miles north of Richmond around 2 p.m., Hanover County Sheriff David Hines said. Wood was in good condition, but was taken to a Richmond hospital where he was reunited with his family.

The boy was found about one mile from North Anna Battlefield Park, where he disappeared while on a walk with family on Sunday.

Wood had been the focus of an intense search attracting more than 1,000 volunteers some days and assisted by professional search-and-rescue teams.

Woods parents thanked the community and searchers.

"Robert is a very strong and determined little boy. We never gave up hope that he would return home safe," Robert Wood Sr. said in a statement.

Hines said search teams also never gave up.

"There were sometimes that you just had to reach down and find that faith that you were going to find him. Whether it's appropriate or not for everyone, there is a God. He listens to prayers, and prayers were answered," he said.

Hines said the boy appeared to be alert and in good condition.

"I'm not a medical person, but I will say that he was serious but in good shape," he said.

Crews had searched the area before, but Hines said he believed Wood must have moved around. The boy's parents said he could not speak.

"It's been a challenge dealing with a child with special needs who was lost," he said. "... I don't think we walked past him. We're just thankful he was located."

Gov. Bob McDonnell called the boy's discovery "the best possible result to a very difficult situation."

"As a father of five, I can only imagine the fear, uncertainty and sadness that Robert's family endured during this difficult time," the governor said in a prepared statement.

Virginia State Police Sgt. Thomas Molnar said search crews maintained a positive outlook even as the days added up. He said that helped keep volunteers returning day after day to keep searching.

"I've been in law enforcement for 13 years and I've not seen a community response as large as this," Molnar said.

So many volunteered, some had to be turned away, Hines said.

"This week we were all together. We all had the same mission," said Capt. Michael Trice of the Sheriff's Department. "It was an awesome experience to be a part of because he was found."

Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45080587/ns/us_news-life/

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Sunday, October 30, 2011

South Sudan schools to teach in English, not Arabic (Reuters)

JUBA (Reuters) ? South Sudan said on Wednesday its schools will start teaching English, phasing out Arabic that had been used as a tool to spread Islamic law and Arab heritage by former civil war foe Khartoum.

The mainly Muslim north imposed Islamic law and Arabic on the south, which seceded in July to become the world's newest nation, and where most follow Christian and traditional beliefs.

The language move is symbolic of the nation's vision of closer integration with African neighbors, said Samson Wattara, an associate professor in political science at Juba University.

"The switch will not be automatic and will probably be problematic but South Sudanese want to look southwards," Wattara told Reuters.

"This is a departure from the arabisation doctrine which was consistently opposed by different rebellions," he said.

South Sudan's government passed a bill making English mandatory for teaching in primary and secondary schools, Information Minister Barnaba Marial Benjamin told reporters.

"Under the Khartoum government subjects were universally taught in Arabic. We will teach our national languages at pre-school and for the rest, the instructions in mathematics or science will all be in English," he said.

South Sudan has dozens of local languages and dialects, but the most commonly spoken languages are English and Arabic.

Benjamin said the country is training 7,000 new teachers to help launch the new syllabus, to give students easier access to universities in east Africa. Secondary school students will continue to sit exams in Arabic for the next three years.

South Sudan's independence vote, agreed under a 2005 peace deal, ended decades of civil war with the north over religion, oil, ethnicity and ideology.

North and South Sudan yet have to settle a range of disputes such as sharing oil revenues and other assets and find a solution for the disputed border region of Abyei.

(Reporting by Hereward Holland; Editing by Louise Ireland)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/africa/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111028/lf_nm_life/us_sudan_south_schools

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China welcomes consensus reached at EU debt talks (Reuters)

BEIJING (Reuters) ? China welcomed on Thursday the consensus reached at the European Union's summit to tackle the euro zone debt crisis and supported measures taken by the bloc that could help the region's recovery.

Beijing, with its big holdings of European sovereign debt, is one of the main bystanders waiting to see if Europe can provide debt relief for Greece, which risks a default that could trigger a deeper crisis in Italy and other bigger euro zone economies.

After a summit in Brussels, European governments announced an agreement under which private banks and insurers would accept 50 percent losses on their Greek debt holdings in the latest bid to reduce Athens' massive debt load to sustainable levels.

In a telephone conversation with French President Nicolas Sarkozy on Thursday, President Hu Jintao said that he hopes Europe's deal to tackle the sovereign debt crisis will help the region's economic recovery, China's state television reported.

"China hopes all these new measures will help stabilize the European financial market and conquer the current difficulties and promote the economic recovery and development," Hu said.

China hopes the G20 summit in France early next month can send a strong signal on promoting robust and balanced global growth, he said. But he did not give further details.

An EU source had earlier said Sarkozy was expected to speak to Hu about Beijing's possible participation in the bailout fund.

"We hope that this consensus ... is conducive to boosting market confidence," Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu told a regular news briefing. "China is willing to make joint efforts to preserve the global economic recovery and growth."

China is also ready to increase cooperation with the EU in areas of investment, trade and finance, she added, without providing details.

"China supports the measures taken by the EU to deal with the debt crisis problem," Jiang said.

China's official Xinhua news agency said the outcome of the EU summit was "positive but filled with difficulties," adding that the deal showed that Europe could surmount its economic woes.

"It seems that all sides at this summit made big efforts and this will bring confidence to markets and also add impetus to the international community joining hands to respond to the current economic situation," it said.

"This summit shows that the countries of the European Union, especially its main economies, have the resolve to overcome difficulties and create an effective 'rescue umbrella' for the euro," said the Chinese-language agency.

"At the same time, it shows the systemic and structural problems the EU has when it comes to dealing with the crisis that demand improvement."

(Additional reporting by Aileen Wang and Kevin Yao; Editing by Yoko Nishikawa)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/asia/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111027/bs_nm/us_china_eu

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Saturday, October 29, 2011

Paramount Lays Off 120 In Global Theatrical Reorganization | The Wrap Movies

www.thewrap.com:

Paramount Pictures is laying off about 120 people in a reorganization of its global theatrical division, the company announced Thursday.

Andrew Cripps (left) will leave his post as president of international theatrcial distribution for Paramount and will remain in London as the post moves to Los Angeles.

Read the whole story: www.thewrap.com

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/27/paramount-lays-off-120-in_n_1062872.html

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Friday, October 28, 2011

Occupy protesters rally around wounded Iraq vet (AP)

OAKLAND, Calif. ? Veering around police barricades, anti-Wall Street protesters held a late-night march through Oakland streets, a day after one of their number ? an Iraq War veteran ? was left in critical condition with a fractured skull following a clash with police.

The show of force in Oakland along with SWAT arrests in Atlanta have sent chills among some anti-Wall Street demonstrators.

But another showdown between police and protesters in Oakland appeared to be averted late Wednesday night as several hundred filed out of a plaza declared off-limits for overnight use and marched through nearby streets.

An AP photographer on the scene said police erected barricades to prevent the marchers from reaching a freeway, sending the group down side streets en masse.

Small contingents of officers could be seen following behind but there were no signs of any confrontations or arrests. The march tapered off after about an hour, with most of the protesters apparently dispersing.

At least one tent was back up Thursday morning, along with a handful of people. Police two days earlier cleared the plaza, which had grown to dozens of tents and raised health and safety concerns among city officials.

On Tuesday, an Iraq War veteran marching with Oakland demonstrators suffered a cracked skull in the chaos between officers and protesters, further raising concern among some in the movement.

Scott Olsen, a 24-year-old Marine veteran, was in critical condition Wednesday after he had been struck, said a spokesman for Highland Hospital in Oakland.

It was not clear exactly what type of object hit the veteran or who might have thrown it, though the group Iraq Veterans Against the War said officers were responsible.

Police Chief Howard Jordan said at a news conference that the events leading up to Olsen's injury would be investigated as vigorously as a fatal police shooting.

"It's unfortunate it happened. I wish that it didn't happen. Our goal, obviously, isn't to cause injury to anyone," the chief said.

In a show of solidarity with their West Coast counterparts, several hundred members of Occupy Wall Street marched past the padlocked gates surrounding New York's City Hall Wednesday night chanting "March with Oakland." While numerous police officers stood watch, the marchers circled City Hall and then broke up into smaller groups as they returned to Zuccotti Park. Police said early Thursday morning that about 10 people had been arrested.

While demonstrators in other cities have built a working relationship with police and city leaders, they wondered on Wednesday how long the good spirit would last and whether they could be next.

Will they have to face riot gear-clad officers and tear gas that their counterparts in Oakland faced Tuesday? Or will they be handcuffed and hauled away in the middle of the night like protesters in Atlanta?

"Yes, we're afraid. Is this the night they're going to sneak in?" said activist William Buster of Occupy Wall Street, where the movement began last month to protest what they see as corporate greed.

"Is this the night they might use unreasonable force?" he asked.

The message from officials in cities where other encampments have sprung up was simple: We'll keep working with you. Just respect your neighbors and keep the camps clean and safe.

Business owners and residents have complained in recent weeks about assaults, drunken fights and sanitation problems. Officials are trying to balance their rights and uphold the law while honoring protesters' free speech rights.

Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa said Wednesday that the Occupy LA encampment outside City Hall "cannot continue indefinitely."

Villaraigosa told the Los Angeles Times that he respects the protesters right to peacefully assemble and express their views, but they must respect city laws and regulations.

San Francisco police have already cleared two encampments. Most recently, police estimated at least five protesters were arrested and several others injured in a clash Tuesday evening.

Some cities, such as Providence, R.I., are moving ahead with plans to evict activists. But from Tampa, Fla., to Boston, police and city leaders say they will continue to try to work with protesters to address problems in the camps.

In Oakland, officials initially supported the protests, with Mayor Jean Quan saying that sometimes "democracy is messy."

But tensions reached a boiling point after a sexual assault, a severe beating and a fire were reported and paramedics were denied access to the camp, according to city officials. They also cited concerns about rats, fire hazards and public urination.

Demonstrators disputed the city's claims, saying that volunteers collect garbage and recycling every six hours, that water is boiled before being used to wash dishes and that rats have long infested the park.

When riot gear-clad police moved in early Tuesday, they were pelted with rocks, bottles and utensils from people in the camp's kitchen area. They emptied the camp near city hall of people, and barricaded the plaza.

Protesters were taken away in plastic handcuffs, most of them arrested on suspicion of illegal lodging.

Demonstrators returned later in the day to march and retake the plaza. They were met by police officers in riot gear. Several small skirmishes broke out and officers cleared the area by firing tear gas.

The scene repeated itself several times just a few blocks away in front of the plaza.

Tensions would build as protesters edged ever closer to the police line and reach a breaking point with a demonstrator hurling a bottle or rock, prompting police to respond with another round of gas.

The chemical haze hung in the air for hours, new blasts clouding the air before the previous fog could dissipate.

The number of protesters diminished with each round of tear gas. Police estimated that there were roughly 1,000 demonstrators at the first clash following the march. About 100 were arrested.

On Wednesday, Oakland officials allowed protesters back into the plaza but said people would be prohibiting from spending the night, potentially bringing another clash with police.

About 1,000 people quickly filled the area, but later many of them filed out and began their march. By early Thursday, about 50 people were left at the site and few police could be seen.

In Atlanta, police in riot gear and SWAT teams arrested 53 people in Woodruff Park, many of whom had camped out there for weeks as part of a widespread movement that is protesting the wealth disparity between the rich and everyone else.

Mayor Kasim Reed had been supportive of the protests, twice issuing an executive order allowing them to remain.

Reed said on Wednesday that he had no choice to arrest them because he believed things were headed in a direction that was no longer peaceful. He cited a man seen walking the park with an AK-47 assault rifle.

"There were some who wanted to continue along the peaceful lines, and some who thought that their path should be more radical," Reed said. "As mayor, I couldn't wait for them to finish that debate."

Reed said authorities could not determine whether the rifle was loaded, and were unable to get additional information.

An Associated Press reporter talked to the man with the gun earlier Tuesday.

He wouldn't give his name ? identifying himself only as "Porch," an out-of-work accountant who doesn't agree with the protesters' views ? but said that he was there, armed, because he wanted to protect the rights of people to protest.

In Portland, Ore., the protest seems to be at a crossroads. Organizers have been dealing with public drunkenness, fighting and drug abuse for weeks, especially among the homeless who are also in the camp.

Some are floating the idea of relocating it, possibly indoors. Others see that as capitulation.

"I don't know if it would be a good idea. Part of the effectiveness of what's going on here is visibility," protester Justin Neff said. "Though I'd do it if there's a possibility that we'd get seen and noticed. I don't know how that would work indoors."

City officials haven't said what would cause them to forcibly evict the protesters. They said they evaluate the camp daily.

In Baltimore, protesters like Casey McKeel, a member of Occupy Baltimore's legal committee, said he wasn't sure aren't sure what to expect from city officials, noting that some cities have arrested protesters in recent weeks.

"Across the country we're seeing a wide range of reactions," he said. "For now we're hoping the city will work with us."

Mayor Stephanie Rawlings-Blake said she is willing to work with them, but they should realize that they are camping out in a city park and that was not its intended use.

"I have absolutely no interest in a violent exchange," she said. "It's not about pitching a tent. It's about getting the work done."

___

Contributing to this report were Associated Press writers Marcus Wohlsen and AP photographer Marcio Sanchez Oakland; Nigel Duara in Portland, Ore.; Sarah Brumfield in Baltimore, Md.; Verena Dobnik and Samantha Gross in New York; Harry R. Weber, Errin Haines and Jeff Martin in Atlanta; Erica Niedowski in Providence, R.I.; Michael J. Crumb in Des Moines, Iowa; Ben Nuckols in Washington; and Jay Lindsay in Boston.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/stocks/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111027/ap_on_re_us/us_wall_street_protests

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What are the Israeli-Palestinian peace talk preconditions? (The Christian Science Monitor)

What are the Israeli-Palestinian peace talk preconditions? - Yahoo! News Skip to navigation ? Skip to content ? The Christian Science Monitor By Ariel Zirulnick Ariel Zirulnick ? Wed?Oct?26, 4:08?pm?ET Follow Yahoo! News on , become a fan on Facebook

More on the Mideast Conflict

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  • Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/mideast/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/csm/20111026/wl_csm/417990

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    Thursday, October 27, 2011

    ?Proper enough of stature, and not uncomely in features?

    You may have read the news that the Royal Society of London has made available online its archives from the foundation in 1665 to 1881, so naturally I thought I?d see what people thought of Japan all these years ago. The earliest hit was from 1669 (doi: 10.1098/rstl.1669.0027 Phil. Trans. 1 January 1669 vol. 4 no. 45-56 983-986), in an article entitled ?Some Observations Concerning Japan, Made by an Ingenious Person, That Hath Many Years Resided in That Country; as they Were Communicated in French by M. I; Whence they are Thus English?d by the Publisher; Who Some Months Agoe Accasion?d This Accompt by Some Queries, Sent to That Traveller?, which may be read online for free here.

    The article title comes from this description of the Japanese:

    Another article deals with the poison oak tree, the sap of which is used in Japan and China to make lacquer. Page 869 talks about it being known as Sitz-dsju and page 870 as the Fashi-no-ki. Can anyone decode either name into Japanese or Chinese? The current Japanese name is Urushi, but a relative is Rhus succedanea (or Toxicodendron succedaneum), or Hase-no-ki, which looks like a match.

    There?s a search engine there, so have fun!

    Read more on: philsophical transactions,royal society of london

    Permalink

    Related articles:

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  • Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/WhatJapanThinks/~3/9LAWiZRfeUk/

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    Wednesday, October 26, 2011

    British Columbia sells $495 million in reopen (Reuters)

    (Reuters) ? The Canadian province of British Columbia on Monday sold C$500 million ($495 million) in a reopening of an existing issue, according to a term sheet seen by Reuters.

    The 4.30 percent debt, due June 18, 2042, was priced at 108.013 to yield 3.852 percent, or 86 basis points over the Canadian government benchmark, according to the term sheet.

    The total amount now outstanding is C$3 billion ($2.97 billion).

    The investment dealer arm of National Bank of Canada was the lead manager.

    ($1=C$1.01)

    (Reporting by Caryn Trokie; Editing by James Dalgleish)

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/britain/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111024/wl_canada_nm/canada_us_britishcolumbia_debt_sale

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    Is America getting 'kicked out' of Iraq? (The Week)

    New York ? President Obama announces that all U.S. troops will leave Iraq by year's end. Actually, says Michele Bachmann, Iraqis are giving us the boot. Is she right?

    Barack Obama, who made a name for himself with a?passionate speech?in 2002 arguing against the Iraq War before campaigning for president in 2008 on the promise that he'd end the war once and for all,?announced on Friday that, "as promised, the rest of our troops in Iraq will come home by the end of the year." That timetable was actually set in place by a 2008 agreement George W. Bush signed with Iraq, which called for all troops to be out by year's end. In fact,?the Obama team had been negotiating with Iraq for a few thousand U.S. troops to stay on past 2011. Iraq balked at American demands that U.S. troops retain legal immunity, and a new deal was scuttled. So really, the U.S. "is being kicked out by the very people that we liberated," says GOP presidential hopeful Rep. Michele Bachmann (R-Minn.). Is that a fair assessment?

    America is being ejected due to Obama's ineptitude: This irresponsible withdrawal of all U.S. troops is a politically motivated military retreat, says Jennifer Rubin at?The Washington Post. And if not for Team Obama's "inept negotiations," U.S. forces could have stayed on to help Iraqis and fend off Iran, as Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Malaki, U.S. generals, and apparently even Obama himself wanted. Congress should investigate this "bungled diplomacy."
    "Obama: A dishonest withdrawal from Iraq"

    Actually, this is cause for "real celebration":?Pulling out by Jan. 1, 2012 "is the right decision, at the right time," says Marc Lynch at?Foreign Policy. "It may have been forced upon the administration by Iraqi political realities," but that's the democracy we fought for. Except for some Iraqi elites who privately hoped U.S. troops would stay in larger numbers, our military isn't wanted or, increasingly, even needed. That's why Obama's negotiators "seem satisfied with the outcome, as they should."
    "Yes, the U.S. is withdrawing from Iraq"

    Good riddance to a bad situation:?Let's be honest, says Reid Smith at The American Spectator.?The withdrawal is an "absolutely political" move by Obama, aimed at his anti-war base.?But it's also the only decision that makes sense, since America isn't willing to greatly expand our troop presence. Fewer than 5,000 troops would be nothing more than a polarizing target for politicians and armed militants. Iraq will stand or fall on its own now, and it's "just as well American soldiers and Marines do not remain as fodder."
    "And that's a wrap in Iraq"

    View this article on TheWeek.com
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    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/oped/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/theweek/20111024/cm_theweek/220650

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    Tuesday, October 25, 2011

    Maersk's drilling unit signs $780 million deal with BP (Reuters)

    COPENHAGEN (Reuters) ? Maersk Drilling, a unit of Danish shipping and oil group A.P. Moller-Maersk (MAERSKb.CO), has struck a four-year $780 million deal with BP (BP.L) for a deepwater rig, and aims to increase its fleet by 6-8 rigs within five years.

    London-based BP would pay about $500,000 per day for the ultra deepwater semi-submersible "Maersk Discoverer," a price that indicates good demand in the market, Maersk Drilling's chief executive Claus Hemmingsen told Reuters.

    "We are close to $500,000 per day and we are pleased about that since this is a long-term contract," Hemmingsen said.

    "The deepwater market has actually been at a stable level since the crisis started in 2008. Rates have not fallen below $400,000 per day. When rates exceed $450,000 per day, it is a signal that there is good activity and good demand," Hemmingsen said.

    The contract with BP for the "Maersk Discoverer" was for work initially offshore Egypt, and the maximum contract value was about $780 million, including mobilization fees, the company said in a statement.

    "We have ordered another six rigs ... and the expectation is that we will order six to eight more during the next five years, in addition to the ones already ordered," Hemmingsen said.

    The six rigs already ordered will be delivered in 2013 and 2014, while the six to eight rigs to be ordered would be delivered in 2015 and 2016, he said.

    The four-year contract includes an option for a further year, and is expected to commence in the second quarter of 2012, it said.

    Shares in A.P. Moller-Maersk initially traded down but had turned positive to trade up 0.9 percent at 37,180 crowns by 0854 GMT (4:54 a.m. EDT), outperforming a 0.5 percent rise in the Copenhagen stock exchange's benchmark index (.OMXC20).

    (Reporting by Mette Fraende and Ole Mikkelsen; Editing by Will Waterman)

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/energy/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111025/bs_nm/us_maersk_bp

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    Monday, October 24, 2011

    Bulletins Live ? Alaska Communications Systems to Report Third ...

    ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Oct 20, 2011 (BUSINESS WIRE) ?
    Alaska Communications Systems Group, Inc. (?ACS?)

    /quotes/zigman/81315/quotes/nls/alsk ALSK
    -1.27%


    , today
    announced it will release financial results for the third quarter 2011
    shortly after markets close on Tuesday, November 8, 2011. The company
    will host a conference call and live webcast at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
    to discuss the results.

    Parties in the United States and Canada can access the call at
    877-941-6010. Parties outside the United States and Canada can access
    the call at 480-629-9723.

    The live webcast of the conference call will be accessible from the
    ?Events Calendar? section of the company?s website (
    www.alsk.com ).
    The webcast will be archived for a period of 90 days. A telephonic
    replay of the conference call will also be available two hours after the
    call and will run until Tuesday, November 15, 2011 at midnight ET. To
    hear the replay, parties in the United States and Canada can call
    800-406-7325 and enter pass code 4482998. Parties outside the United
    States and Canada can call 303-590-3030 and enter pass code 4482998.

    About Alaska Communications

    Headquartered in Anchorage, Alaska Communications

    /quotes/zigman/81315/quotes/nls/alsk ALSK
    -1.27%


    , through
    its subsidiaries, provides Alaska Communications services and is a
    leading provider of high-speed wireless, mobile broadband, Internet,
    local, long-distance and advanced data solutions for businesses and
    consumers in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest. The Alaska Communications
    network includes the most advanced wireline and wireless data and voice
    networks and the most diverse undersea fiber optic system connecting
    Alaska to the contiguous United States. For more information, visit
    www.alaskacommunications.com
    or
    www.alsk.com .

    SOURCE: Alaska Communications Systems Group, Inc.

    Alaska Communications Investors:
    Vice President, Investor Relations and Financial Planning & Analysis
    Michael Allen, 907-564-7556
    investors@acsalaska.com

    Copyright Business Wire 2011

    /quotes/zigman/81315/quotes/nls/alsk

    Add ALSK to portfolio

    ALSK

    Alaska Communications Systems Group Inc.


    $
    6.21

    -0.08
    -1.27%

    Volume: 431,093
    Oct. 24, 2011 12:04p

    /quotes/zigman/81315/quotes/nls/alsk

    Add ALSK to portfolio

    ALSK

    Alaska Communications Systems Group Inc.


    $
    6.21

    -0.08
    -1.27%

    Volume: 431,093
    Oct. 24, 2011 12:04p

    Source: http://www.bulletinslive.com/?p=1668

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    Australia's republican female PM backs royal succession changes (Reuters)

    PERTH, Australia (Reuters) ? Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard, the nation's first female leader and a staunch republican, on Monday backed moves to end 300 years of discrimination against royal daughters becoming heirs to the British throne.

    Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron wants to end rules dating back to the 17th century which ban heirs to the throne from marrying Roman Catholics and gives sons priority as heir to the throne even if they have an older sister.

    Cameron will seek support for the changes from 16 Commonwealth nations, including Australia, which share Queen Elizabeth as their monarch, when they meet at a Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Perth this week.

    "You would expect me, as the first female prime minister of our nation, to say I believe women are equal to men in all regards," Gillard told reporters in Perth ahead of the Commonwealth meetings.

    "I do support a change to the act of succession, which would enable the person who succeeds to the throne to be the oldest child, irrespective of gender."

    Current succession rules dating back to 1688 and 1700 were designed to lock in a Protestant monarchy and force anyone in line to the throne to relinquish their claim to the throne if they married a Catholic.

    Queen Elizabeth became the British monarch at the age of 25 when her father King George VI died in 1952. Now 85, she is the second longest serving British monarch and is currently on her 16th visit to Australia, where she will open a Commonwealth leaders summit on Friday.

    There is support across Australia's political spectrum for changes to royal succession rules.

    Australia is a constitutional monarchy, with a governor-general who represents the Queen as head of state and acts as commander-in-chief of the military. However, about a third of Australians want to severe ties with Britain and become a republic.

    (Reporting by James Grubel, Editing by Michael Perry and Jonathan Thatcher)

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/oceania/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111024/wl_nm/us_commonwealth_royal_australia

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    Sunday, October 23, 2011

    John Singleton sues Paramount for $20 million (AP)

    LOS ANGELES ? Director and producer John Singleton is suing Paramount Pictures and MTV Films for at least $20 million, claiming fraud and breach of contract.

    In a complaint filed Wednesday in Los Angeles, Singleton claims the studios failed to uphold an agreement connected with the distribution rights to 2005's "Hustle & Flow." The lawsuit claims the studios promised to finance and distribute two future Singleton productions within five years but added restrictions when he submitted the projects.

    Paramount said in a statement Wednesday that it "was hoping that John Singleton would produce two more pictures before his agreement with our studio ended in 2010, but that did not happen. Instead, he went on to direct `Abduction' for Lions Gate."

    Singleton attorney Martin Singer responded by saying that the director's work on "Abduction" began after the Paramount deal expired.

    "For Paramount to try to make his work on that film an issue now ? having never raised it before ? is typical of the lengths to which the studio will go in its desperate attempt to evade its legal and moral responsibilities," Singer said in a statement Thursday.

    Singleton is demanding a jury trial. Paramount says the suit has no merit.

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/movies/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111020/ap_en_mo/us_people_john_singleton

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    Cherington likely to replace Epstein in Boston

    By JIMMY GOLEN

    updated 11:20 p.m. ET Oct. 21, 2011

    BOSTON - Ben Cherington will have plenty to do if, as expected, he follows Theo Epstein as the general manager of the Boston Red Sox.

    He'll also have plenty to work with.

    Cherington is expected to be promoted on Tuesday, when the Red Sox have scheduled a news conference to introduce Epstein's replacement. Epstein resigned from Boston to take over as president of baseball operations for the Chicago Cubs on Friday, and the teams said they would hold off on more announcements out of respect for the teams in the World Series; Tuesday is the next off-day.

    Cherington's first job will be to find a manager to replace Terry Francona, a two-time World Series winner who admitted he lost the clubhouse in his eighth season and was let go after the team's unprecedented September collapse. The coaching staff also will need to be rebuilt as pitching coach Curt Young left for the Oakland Athletics earlier Friday.

    Cherington also will have to deal with the fallout from the team's 7-20 September that left it one game short of the playoffs. The pitching staff disintegrated over the final month, followed by news reports that several starters were drinking beer and eating fast-food fried chicken in the clubhouse during games.

    Among them was John Lackey, who was 12-12 with a 6.41 ERA in the second year of a five-year, $82.5 million deal. The Red Sox are unlikely to find a taker unless they eat most of Lackey's remaining salary. Cherington also will be saddled with six more years of Carl Crawford's contract, a seven-year, $142 million deal signed by Epstein.

    But the Red Sox have reason to be hopeful with the core of the team that went 81-43 over a 4?-month stretch of the season and a payroll that is among the biggest in baseball. All-Star Adrian Gonzalez just finished the first year of a seven-year, $154 million deal, Jacoby Ellsbury developed into an MVP candidate, and Dustin Pedroia and Kevin Youkilis are locked up long term.

    Josh Beckett was an ace for most of the year and Jon Lester remains one of the top lefties in the AL, but their performance in September was a key reason for the collapse. Clay Buchholz is expected to return from a stress fracture.

    J.D. Drew's contract is up, giving the Red Sox some payroll flexibility, and Daisuke Matsuzaka is at the end of the six-year deal that brought him over from Japan for a total of $103 million.

    They'll need the money to re-sign closer Jonathan Papelbon, who can file for free agency for the first time, and for designated hitter David Ortiz, who's also a free agent.

    Because Epstein's move was in the works for a while, Cherington has been filling in as GM since the regular season ended.

    Cherington also served as co-GM during the three-month period after the 2005 season when Epstein walked away from the Red Sox. He shared the job with Jed Hoyer. Now the San Diego Padres' GM, Hoyer is expected to be Epstein's top hire with the Cubs.

    Because the teams were unable to agree to compensation for allowing Epstein out of the last year of his contract, Hoyer and Cherington will probably have to work on that, too.

    Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


    advertisement

    Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/44996435/ns/sports-baseball/

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    Saturday, October 22, 2011

    Wash. lawmaker found dead at resort hotel

    Washington state Sen. Scott White, a transit advocate who quickly rose to a leadership position in the Legislature, was found dead Friday in a hotel room. He was 41.

    1. Other political news of note

      1. First Read: Cain tweaks plan to '9-0-9' for poor

        GOP hopeful Herman Cain says the poorest Americans would be exempted from a nine percent personal income tax as part of his three-pronged "9-9-9" plan.

      2. Senate Dems move ahead on jobs bill
      3. Obama keeps campaign promise with Iraq
      4. Wash. lawmaker found dead at resort hotel
      5. Updated 119 minutes ago 10/22/2011 8:37:40 AM +00:00 NYT: Wall St. protest isn't like ours, Tea Party says

    Kittitas County Sheriff Gene Dana said in a statement Friday night that the death remains unexplained and that authorities are investigating.

    White was discovered by housekeeping staff after he failed to check out of his hotel room at the Suncadia Resort in Cle Elum, Wash. An autopsy is being arranged.

    KOMO-TV reported that a "sudden heart attack" was suspected.

    'Extraordinarily talented leader'
    The Democrat represented the state's 46th District, covering northern parts of Seattle. White joined the Senate last year and rose to serve as the Senate's majority whip, advocating for transit issues as a caucus transportation leader. He worked most recently as a project manager at the University of Washington.

    "He was an extraordinarily talented leader and an accomplished legislator," Senate Majority Leader Lisa Brown said in a statement. "The nobility and honor with which he approached his role as an elected official was rare, and his commitment was unprecedented."

    White is survived by his wife and two children.

    A native of Olympia, White played football at Timberline High School before going to both Western Washington University and the University of Washington. He worked on the King County Council, rising to serve as chief of staff before getting elected to the state House in 2008 before moving to the Senate two years later.

    Gov. Chris Gregoire said White was never afraid to tackle difficult problems.

    "I found him to be an absolute pleasure to work with, and a legislator who served his district and the entire state well," Gregoire said. "He had a bright and promising future ahead of him."

    The Associated Press and msnbc.com staff contributed to this report.

    Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44997021/ns/politics-more_politics/

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    Friday, October 21, 2011

    NH Republicans push candidates to stand with NH (AP)

    CONCORD, N.H. ? Prominent New Hampshire Republicans are warning Mitt Romney and other GOP presidential candidates that they could lose key endorsements and votes if they side with Nevada in the standoff over the nominating calendar.

    A coalition including New Hampshire's GOP legislative leaders, tea party activists and key conservatives held a news conference Wednesday calling on Nevada to push back its Jan. 14 caucuses and asking Romney, Rick Perry and Ron Paul to join other candidates in boycotting Nevada until that happens.

    Several coalition members said they would think twice about supporting a candidate who won't side with New Hampshire. Tea party activist Andrew Hemingway went further, accusing Romney of pushing Nevada to encroach on New Hampshire's position and saying he wouldn't support any candidate who campaigns in Nevada.

    ___

    Online: http://boycottnevada.org

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/politics/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111019/ap_on_el_pr/us_primary_scramble

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    In Case You Missed It?Gene Simmons & Shannon Tweed Wedding (Videos)

    In Case You Missed It…Gene Simmons & Shannon Tweed Wedding (Videos)

    After 28 years together, Kiss frontman Gene Simmons and former Playboy model, Shannon Tweed, tied the knot earlier this month, and the world got to [...]

    In Case You Missed It…Gene Simmons & Shannon Tweed Wedding (Videos) Stupid Celebrities Gossip Stupid Celebrities Gossip News

    Source: http://stupidcelebrities.net/2011/10/19/in-case-you-missed-it-gene-simmons-shannon-tweed-wedding-videos/

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    Thursday, October 20, 2011

    Malaria vaccine halves risk of infection in infants

    Good news from the world's largest and most advanced trial of a vaccine against malaria. The vaccine, called RTS,S, halved the risk of developing the disease.

    The RTS,S trial involves 15,460 children in seven African countries. The new result comes from an interim analysis of 6000 of the participants, aged 5 to 17 months, a year after they received their jabs.

    "We're pleased with this result," says Mary Hamel, a member of the vaccine trial team based at the Kenya Medical Research Institute in Nairobi.

    "We're on track to what would be the first malaria vaccine for African children," she says, adding that with continued progress, the vaccine could be in general use as soon as 2015. "At an efficacy of 50 per cent, it would be sufficient to save hundreds of thousands of lives."

    The vaccine reduced the risk of developing clinical malaria ? when the disease requires medical treatment ? by 56 per cent. The possibility of developing severe malaria dropped by 47 per cent.

    Final results from the trial, including those from vaccinating infants aged a mere 6 to 12 weeks, are due in 2014. The results so far have matched those from earlier trials of RTS,S. Other vaccines under development could soon enter trials too.

    Journal reference: New England Journal of Medicine, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1102287

    If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.

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    Source: http://feeds.newscientist.com/c/749/f/10897/s/1964ff6e/l/0L0Snewscientist0N0Carticle0Cdn210A620Emalaria0Evaccine0Ehalves0Erisk0Eof0Einfection0Ein0Einfants0Bhtml0DDCMP0FOTC0Erss0Gnsref0Fonline0Enews/story01.htm

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    Wednesday, October 19, 2011

    SideBySide Uses Handheld Projectors for Multiplayer Games

    When I first read the emails about this project (after a Sunday evening tipple), I thought that it consisted of merely pointing two projectors at the same wall, connecting them to two gaming devices and playing head-to-head. That would be awesome enough, but the reality is even more awesomer.
    The project is called SideBySide, and comes [...]

    Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/GearFactor/~3/8lkkA3MQJ2c/

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    Angie Chang: Interview with LOLapps Co-Founder and Head of UX Annie Chang

    Annie ChangWomen 2.0 talks to LOLapps co-founder and head of user experience Annie Chang about her startup, one of the fastest growing social companies with over 1MM user generated applications and 4 very large social games.

    Women 2.0: How did you get started on LOLapps?

    Annie Chang: I sat in the audience as Mark Zuckerberg announced the new Facebook platform in May 2007, and I was inspired. Many web applications that I had pondered building, as well as several projects that I had worked on previously, required

    Geithner and China's Wang discuss economy in phone call: report (reuters)

    Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories Stories, RSS Feeds and Widgets via Feedzilla.

    Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/149667719?client_source=feed&format=rss

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    Tuesday, October 18, 2011

    Last preparations for Israel-Hamas prisoner swap

    A convoy carrying Palestinians prisoners who are to be exchanged for captured Israeli soldier Gilad Schalit leaves Ktsiot prison camp in southern Israel's Negev desert, Tuesday, Oct. 18, 2011. The elaborate machinery of a prisoner swap deal between two bitter enemies swung into motion early Tuesday, as hundreds of Palestinians and one Israeli soldier prepared to return home in one of the most dramatic recent developments in the otherwise deadlocked Israel-Palestinian conflict. (AP Photo / Tsafrir Abayov)

    A convoy carrying Palestinians prisoners who are to be exchanged for captured Israeli soldier Gilad Schalit leaves Ktsiot prison camp in southern Israel's Negev desert, Tuesday, Oct. 18, 2011. The elaborate machinery of a prisoner swap deal between two bitter enemies swung into motion early Tuesday, as hundreds of Palestinians and one Israeli soldier prepared to return home in one of the most dramatic recent developments in the otherwise deadlocked Israel-Palestinian conflict. (AP Photo / Tsafrir Abayov)

    A convoy carrying Palestinian prisoners who are to be exchanged for captured Israeli soldier Gilad Schalit leaves Ktsiot prison camp in southern Israel's Negev desert, Tuesday, Oct. 18, 2011. The elaborate machinery of a prisoner swap deal between two bitter enemies swung into motion early Tuesday, as hundreds of Palestinians and one Israeli soldier prepared to return home in one of the most dramatic recent developments in the otherwise deadlocked Israel-Palestinian conflict. (AP Photo/Tsafrir Abayov)

    Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the main road in Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip, Monday, Oct. 17, 2011. The exchange between Israel and Hamas in which 1,027 Palestinian prisoners will be released for captured Israeli soldier Gilad Schalit is expected to take place on Tuesday. (AP Photo/Eyad Baba)

    Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the main road in Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip, Monday, Oct. 17, 2011. The exchange between Israel and Hamas in which 1,027 Palestinian prisoners will be released for captured Israeli soldier Gilad Schalit is expected to take place on Tuesday. (AP Photo/Eyad Baba)

    (AP) ? Israeli officials say the last preparations have been made for a prisoner swap in which hundreds of Palestinians are to be traded for an Israeli soldier held in Gaza for more than five years.

    Israel Prisons Service spokesman Sivan Weizman says hundreds of prisoners have been transported to the locations where they will be released early Tuesday.

    After the first Palestinians are freed, Hamas militants in Gaza are supposed to release Sgt. Gilad Schalit, a tank crewman captured in 2006.

    Schalit will first cross into Egypt and will then cross into Israel.

    Israel is slated to free 477 prisoners Tuesday and another 550 in two months.

    The campaign to free Schalit made him a national symbol in Israel, and all local radio and TV stations held special live broadcasts Tuesday.

    Associated Press

    Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2011-10-18-ML-Israel-Palestinians/id-ccedc9a11f544ca0b0105bcf517381e6

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    Monday, October 17, 2011

    Hey, stranger! Rangers, Cards meet in World Series (AP)

    Albert Pujols and Josh Hamilton in a matchup of MVP sluggers. Nelson Cruz and David Freese becoming bigger names with each home run swing. Pitching staffs full of shaky starters and shutdown relievers.

    Plus a Rally Squirrel and the Claw.

    The Texas Rangers and St. Louis Cardinals, with a lot of symmetry, are all set to get acquainted in the World Series.

    Leave it to ol' Arthur Rhodes to make the introductions. The 41-year-old lefty specialist began the year with Texas, wound up in St. Louis and is likely to get a ring either way.

    Besides, it takes someone who's been around a bit to remember the last time these teams played.

    It was 2004, in a three-game set in Texas. Even in this era of interleague play, that's the only time the Cardinals and Rangers have met when it meant something. According to STATS LLC, that matches the fewest games between a pair of opponents in the majors, tying Mets-White Sox.

    Game 1 is Wednesday night in St. Louis, with aces Chris Carpenter of the Cardinals and C.J. Wilson set to start. The opening odds see Texas as a small favorite.

    "The Rangers are scary. They're a scary team," said Freese, the NLCS MVP. "You look at that lineup, you look at that staff. It's going to be a battle."

    "I think we're a team that can match up with them a little bit. And they're confident, we're confident. It's been a tough road. I've definitely been watching the ALCS for sure. That's some good ball over there," he said.

    Consider this an old-school World Series: top names on both sides, many of them facing each other for the first time ? the way it was before AL and NL clubs began playing each other all through the summer.

    Think of Ted Williams vs. Stan Musial, maybe.

    Musial, in fact, might even be at the ballpark next week. The 90-year Hall of Famer who helped the Cardinals win three World Series crowns was at Busch Stadium during the playoffs for pregame ceremonies.

    Stan the Man and the Cardinals beat Williams and the Red Sox in the 1946 Series. More than a quarter-century later, Williams became the first manager in Texas history after the franchise moved from Washington.

    It took a lot longer for Texas to finally reach the Series. Hamilton, Cruz, Michael Young and the Rangers made their first appearance last year, only to get shut down by San Francisco's pitching in a five-game wipeout.

    "We weren't very happy with the results, and we certainly knew that we were a better team than we showed," manager Ron Washington said.

    The Series shifts to Arlington for Game 3 next Saturday. The next day, there will be a doubleheader in Texas, of sorts ? St. Louis Rams at Dallas Cowboys, then Cardinals at Rangers.

    St. Louis has won 10 Series titles, second most to the New York Yankees' 27. Manager Tony La Russa, Pujols and the Cardinals last took it in 2006, helped by Series MVP David Eckstein.

    This year, hardly anyone expected St. Louis to make it this far, especially when it was 10 1/2 games out of a playoff spot on Aug. 25. A sensational run in the last month, plus a tremendous collapse by Atlanta, gave the Cardinals the NL wild-card slot on the final day of the regular season.

    The Cardinals did what many fans considered almost impossible in the first round ? they eliminated the heavily favored Phillies. Carpenter outdueled Roy Halladay 1-0 in the decisive Game 5, then St. Louis relied on its bullpen every day to beat Milwaukee in the NL championship series.

    Jason Motte, Fernando Salas, Octavio Dotel, Marc Rzepczynski and the Cards' crew shut down Prince Fielder and the Brewers, capped by a 12-6 win in Game 6 Sunday night.

    A resurgent Lance Berkman, Matt Holliday and the emerging Freese got a boost in the lineup from trade-deadline addition Rafael Furcal, one of several moves by general manager John Mozeliak that worked out well.

    The Cardinals also got help ? some might believe ? from a squirrel that scampered right in front of home plate during a playoff game in St. Louis.

    The Rangers powered to the AL West title this year and hope to show the Claw, their hand signal for big hits, a lot starting this week.

    Texas began the playoffs by beating Tampa Bay in four games and mashed Detroit in the six-game ALCS. Cruz was an MVP monster against the Tigers, hitting an LCS-record six home runs with 13 RBIs.

    Closer Neftali Feliz, Alexi Ogando, Scott Feldman and two of GM Jon Daniels' additions ? Mike Adams and Michael Gonzalez ? keyed a bullpen that dominated the postseason.

    Now it's on to Busch Stadium for the opener. The NL holds home-field advantage this year because it won the All-Star game, with Fielder's homer off Wilson the big hit. The weather forecast calls for clear skies, a welcome relief in a postseason dotted by rain.

    And, oh, about those previous Cardinals-Rangers games. St. Louis won two of three in June 2004, with the Cardinals' lone loss coming when Young and Texas hammered Carpenter.

    Carpenter will see a packed Texas lineup, including Young, in the opener.

    "I haven't thought a lick about it," Carpenter said after Sunday night's clincher. "I'm excited for our ballclub, I'm excited for our organization. Unbelievable. This group of guys, I've been saying all year long, it's the most amazing group of guys I've been around."

    Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/sports/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111017/ap_on_sp_ba_ne/bbo_world_series_lookahead

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    Sunday, October 16, 2011

    Trees 'boost African crop yields'

    Planting trees that improve soil quality can help boost crop yields for African farmers, an assessment shows.

    Fertiliser tree systems (FTS) also help boost food security and play a role in "climate proofing" the region's arable land, the paper adds.

    Researchers from the World Agroforestry Centre say poor soil fertility is one of the main obstacles to improving food production in Africa.

    The results appear in the International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability.

    "In Africa, it is generally agreed that poor soil management - along with poor water management - is most greatly affecting yields," explained co-author Frank Place, head of the centre's Impact Assessment team.

    He said that despite chemical fertilisers having been on the market for more than half a century, farmers appeared reluctant or unable to buy them.

    "Therefore, there have been a lot of attempts to bring in other types of nutrients from other systems - such as livestock and plants" he told BBC News.

    "We have been working quite a lot on what is broadly referred to as 'fertiliser tree systems'."

    Although it has been known for centuries that certain plants, such as legumes, "fix" nitrogen in the soil and boost food crop yields, Dr Place said that the centre's researchers had been looking to develop a more active management approach such as FTS.

    Continue reading the main story

    ?Start Quote

    In TFS across Africa as a whole, yields are doubling or more in two-thirds of cases?

    End Quote Frank Place WAC

    "Some farms, for example in Zambia, where the farms are larger, it is possible to rest arable land and allow it to lie fallow," he observed.

    "But in place such as much of Malawi, where population densities are higher, they cannot afford to fallow their land; so we came up with alternative management systems where they could intercrop the trees with the (maize)."

    While the technique is not new, Dr Place said that some of the nitrogen-fixing species used by farmers were probably not the most effective.

    For example, farmers in East Africa had been using Cajanus cajan (also known as pigeon pea).

    "A lot of the nitrogen was being stored in the trees' seeds; so there was an effort to use other trees that put a greater volume in the soil, such as Gliricidia sepium (one of its common name is mother of cocoa)," he said.

    "A really nice thing about G. sepium is that we have been coppicing some of those trees for 20 years and they still continue to grow back vigorously."

    Continue reading the main story

    What is 'nitrogen-fixing'?

    • The atmosphere consists of about 80% nitrogen, but plants cannot use it in this form
    • Certain plants, such as legumes, have bacteria growing in their root hairs that convert it into a form that plants can use
    • This form of nitrogen is know as "green manure" and is a nutrient that helps plants, such as food crops, to grow

    (Source: World Agroforestry Centre)

    However, he acknowledged that there were a number of challenges that had to be addressed in order to maximise yields.

    For example, some systems suggested planting rows of trees between rows of crops with mixed results.

    "We realised that there were a few management problems with that sort of system - what tended to happen was that there was too much competition between the crops and the trees," Dr Place explained.

    "We developed a new management system where the trees were cut very low to the ground at the time you are planting the crop so then there was no light competition.

    "The trees go into a dormant state when you cut them like this, so the root system is not competing straight away for the nutrients, so the maize is free to become established.

    "The trees only really start to come out out of the dormant phase when the maize is already tall."

    Another challenge was to provide enough seeds in order to have mass-scale planting. He said that balancing the provision of high-quality seeds with large local engagement was another hurdle that had to be overcome.

    But the rewards in improved yields were noticeable, he added.

    "Some of the studies have shown that in TFS across Africa as a whole, yields are doubling or more in two-thirds of cases."

    Where the systems were not delivering such good results, Dr Place said that scientists were looking to refine current practices and modify them to suit the local conditions.

    'Climate proofing'

    As well as helping to boost yields, the use of trees in agriculture has other benefits - such as helping to "climate proof" agriculture land.

    One example, Dr Place said, was the use of Faidherbia albida (common names include winter thorn and apple-ring acacia) in West African arable landscapes.

    "It has a deep penetrating tap root, and it can secure a good water supply even in dry years," he explained.

    "Generally speaking, tree roots do go much deeper than crop roots, so it is recycling nutrients and water from deeper reaches.

    "There are also studies showing that these roots act as conduits and bring up water to surface root systems (such as those belonging to crops)."

    The editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, Professor Jules Pretty from Essex University in , said the study illustrated that there was a growing movement of agricultural innovations across Africa that were increasing yields and at the same time improving the environment.

    "Trees and shrubs in agricultural systems seem to break some of the rules of agriculture - in this case, farmers are using shrubs to create a diverse rotation pattern rather than year-on-year maize," he told BBC News.

    "The trees fix nitrogen and improve the soil; the leaves can be fed to livestock; the crops then benefit greatly in subsequent years."

    Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/science-environment-15305271

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